System Boot and Services

Assess understanding of boot process and service management.

1. Which firmware interface succeeded BIOS in modern computer systems?

BIOS UEFI GRUB init

2. Which stages are part of the typical Linux boot process?

BIOS/UEFI initialization Kernel loading by boot loader User login prompt Application auto-start

3. The init process is the first user-space process started by the Linux kernel.

True False

4. What is the default init system used in most modern Linux distributions (e.g., Ubuntu, Fedora)?

5. Which component is responsible for loading the operating system kernel into memory during boot?

BIOS Boot loader Kernel Shell

6. Which commands manage system services in a systemd-based Linux distribution?

systemctl service chkconfig journalctl

7. In SysVinit, runlevel 6 corresponds to 'reboot'.

True False

8. What does BIOS stand for?

9. Which systemd target is equivalent to SysVinit runlevel 5 (multi-user with GUI)?

multi-user.target graphical.target rescue.target emergency.target

10. What are responsibilities of the BIOS/UEFI during system boot?

Performing POST (Power-On Self-Test) Loading the operating system kernel Initializing hardware components Mounting the root filesystem

11. The Linux kernel mounts the root filesystem before starting the init process.

True False

12. What is the most common boot loader used in Linux systems with BIOS?

LILO UEFI GRUB systemd-boot

13. Which are valid systemd targets?

poweroff.target runlevel3.target default.target init.d.target

14. What term refers to a background process that provides core system functionality (e.g., network, printing)?

15. UEFI supports larger disk sizes than BIOS due to its use of GPT partitioning.

True False

16. What is the PID (Process ID) of the init process in Linux?

0 1 100 It varies

17. Which actions occur after the boot loader loads the kernel?

Kernel initializes device drivers BIOS performs POST Init process starts Boot loader selects an OS

18. Running 'systemctl stop sshd' will permanently disable the SSH service from starting on boot.

True False

19. Which systemd command lists all running services?

systemctl status systemctl list-units --type=service service --status-all journalctl -u

20. Which are examples of system services?

sshd (SSH daemon) bash (shell) crond (cron daemon) firewalld (firewall service)

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